marxist view on family strengths and weaknesses

Scholars have also argued that Marxism presents people with an oversocialized view of humans, seeing socialization as a one-way process where children are imbued with capitalist culture. Set individual study goals and earn points reaching them. The modern nuclear family functions to promote values that ensure the reproduction and maintenance of capitalism. As a result, teachers may not value or assess them as highly as middle-class children. Capitalism is based on a system of private ownership The bourgeois use their own personal wealth to personally invest in businesses in order to make a profit, they dont invest for the benefit of everyone else. During the time of 'primitive communism', there was no private property and thus no social classes or private family units. Instead, property was collectively owned, and this was reflected in family structures. Eventually, the bourgeois started to look for ways of creating intergenerational wealth, rather than having it distributed among the masses of society. They see society as structured along class lines with institutions generally working in the interests of the small elite class who have economic power (the 'Bourgeoisie') and the much larger working class (the 'Proletariat'). Children are taught to obey their parents, especially fathers, to prepare them to submit to authorities e.g. Media and companies target children through advertising. Marxism is a 'structural conflict' perspective. Third, I think Marx illustrates the complementary nature of the strengths and weaknesses within a theory. Create and find flashcards in record time. It suggests that family life. (9), their exegesis of Sartre's Marxism, shows. Zaretsky was interested in psychology, and specifically the idea that the family can perform a psychological function. Talcott Parsons is a functionalist and he claims that the family has positive functions, such as providing a 'safe haven' and place of comfort for its members. Lerne mit deinen Freunden und bleibe auf dem richtigen Kurs mit deinen persnlichen Lernstatistiken. In Marxism, the bourgeoisie gain their wealth through exploiting the labor of the proletariat. Zaretsky claims that this economic function is a bourgeois ideology perpetuated to ensure families spend money and create profits for the bourgeoisie. Nie wieder prokastinieren mit unseren Lernerinnerungen. Marxism is a structural conflict perspective in sociology. marxism overlooks alternative ideas that might shape behaviour. Strengths. For decades, the leading philosopher and one of Europe's most famous atheists, Jrgen Habermas has emphasized the need for moral development in the West. This includes access to private education and tutors, enriching school trips, and computers or laptops. Cite evidence from the text to support your response. They may also agree with Marxists about the amount of unpaid labour women contribute to make capitalism work. Kendra Cherry, MS, is an author and educational . This is because it does not take into account the essential greediness and selfishness of the human being. LS23 6AD This allows individuals to pursue goals by attaining to the rules and by . Marxists believe that the ruling classes, known as the bourgeoisie, use the different institutions in society to maintain their position . Zaretsky sees the family as a major unit of consumption of goods and services. For example, children learn obedience and respect for those in authority within the family. Gender inequality clearly preceded Capitalism.. both by capitalism and patriarchy. Now, Marxism was able to predict the inevitable tendency towards monopolization, where free competition was a standard. It tends to create a system of true equality. For many, families are a source of love and comfort. with a focus on class conflict, other . Limitations of Marxism: 1. Texas: Springer. Freud's psychoanalytic perspective viewed religion as the unconscious mind's need for wish fulfillment. The functionalist approach illustrates how a social institution can work at two different levels - both fulfilling the needs of each individual and meeting the needs of the whole society at the same time. 4. There are plenty of families who reject the consumerist lifestyle and many families bring their children up to be independent thinkers. Marxists see each institution of society as performing the role of upholding the capitalist superstructure, which ultimately helps to sustain a capitalist society. There is thus a conflict of interests between the Bourgeoise and the Proletariat. As a result, women would not be subject to male control for the purposes of reproduction. Consumer goods and services that signify a family's wealth and status include the best cars, designer clothing, expensive toys, and luxurious holidays. There are significant amounts of advertising and TV programmes influencing parents in this way. It explains why there is such an uneven distribution of power and wealth between social classes. Marxist philosophy on education sees economics lying at the root of every human activity, though this is not absolutely factual on scientific point of view, as economics occupies the pivotal position in the curriculum is one of the main objectives to acquire productive skills, which would result to creative faculties of children being neglected. Lastly, we will evaluate the Marxist perspectives on the family. Marxist theory considers false needs to be perceived needs created by the capitalist system, rather than by people's real needs (Zaretsky, 2010). This is because it does not take into account the essential greediness and selfishness of the human being. So if marriage is harmful for women, what about divorce? Bourdieu argued that all of the above factors mean that working-class children have a 'cultural deficit'. argues that men unload their stress and anger towards the capitalist system on women, which leads to domestic violence. Zaretsky, N. (2010). (1978). Eventually the Bourgeois started to look for ways to pass on their wealth to the next generation, rather than having it shared out amongst the masses, and this is where the monogamous nuclear family comes from. In Marxism, there will be the idea that private properties and businesses should be abolished, which makes it impossible for anyone to take business advantage of someone else, giving him no reward for working. 481 Words. An Integrated Multi-Level Approach. But as far as Marxism is concerned, free competition inevitably begets monopoly, where the struggle between big and small capitals always yields to the same result. Children from wealthy families have the benefit of more economic capital from their parents and can therefore enjoy better educational opportunities. Clearly family must be about more than what happens to your money when you die. The reason it does this is because one of the key features of Marxism is to have everyone be fully equal - and religion would meddle in that aspect as it automatically puts some people in superiority or inferiority of others within the religion. Which type of theorist is Talcott Parsons and how does he disagree with the Marxist perspective on the family? Similar to the Marxist belief that institutions such as education, religion, and the media teach people how to behave, the nuclear family is an imbalanced structure that teaches its members to accept imbalances of power in wider society. This benefits society as a whole, not just a particular group. The main weakness of the interpretivist approach when researching the family is the tendency to ignore wider social structure. Marx gives society the knowledge and may pass on unknown information to the proletariat about their unfair treatment within society in comparison to the bourgeoisie. Marx's ideas were so influential that a third of the planet was ruled under his ideas in . Ultimately, however, this arrangement served to reproduce inequality. At a very basic level Marxists believe the . We will now consider the advantages and disadvantages of the different Marxist perspectives on the family. The division of labor was, for Marx, the very essence of all that is wrong with the world. Marxists such as Engels and Zaretsky acknowledge that women are exploited in marriage and family life, but they emphasise the relationship between capitalism and the family, rather than the family's effects on women. For functionalists, society is seen as a system of social institutions such as the economy, religion and the family all of which . 2. London: Penguin Press. Science & Society, 42-64. Families of middle-class children are more likely to possess social capital and use it to give their children opportunities, such as a respectable work placement or a spot at a top university. "Wow," said Ms. Gage, "just listen to those African drummers!". This benefits society as a whole, not just a particular group. The rich remained rich whilst the poor remained poor. A steady job can be a positive unless the . Middle-class students are more likely to have positive experiences and higher expectations of education, e.g. It protects the rights of unions. (1948). Marxists may be guilty of over-emphasising how the family is shaped by the needs of capitalism. Writing from the Marxist perspective, the sociologist Zaretsky developed the view that modern capitalist society created an illusion that the "private life" of the family is separate from the economy. The nuclear family structure arose during the emergence of capitalism. We can read more about Marxist perspectives on the family below. Feminists argue that Marxists focus too much on social class inequalities whilst disregarding the role of the family in maintaining gender inequalities. Bourdieu argues that a lack of economic, cultural and social capital means working-class children suffer from a ____ ____. (Quizlet . What are the weaknesses of Marxism? According to Engels, this reproduced and reinforced social class inequality. It believes that capitalist society is based on inequalities between the ' bourgeoisie' (ruling capitalist class) and ' proletariat' (working class). . social inequalities. Johnson, D. P. (2008). The Bourgeoise gain their wealth from exploiting the . By registering you get free access to our website and app (available on desktop AND mobile) which will help you to super-charge your learning process. Marxist feminism is a branch of feminist theory which argues that the main cause of women's oppression is capitalism. As a result, the Marxist perspective does not give a full understanding of the role of the family. Create flashcards in notes completely automatically. 1. ; In Zaretsky's view, the family also serves as a vital unit of consumption. Wealthy Capitalist economies such as the UK and USA have seen the fastest improvements in gender equality over the last 100 years. What was Marx's view on private property? For example, the latest phone will become obsolete, or even nonfunctional, a few years after it is purchased and clothing tends to go frequently in and out of fashion. Here are its strengths and weaknesses: List of Strengths of Marxism. Functionalists argue that Marxists hold an overly negative view of the family. As Marx felt that religion was used to control people, Marxism would not allow people to be free of choosing their spirituality. Marxist ideas illustrate the power of the economy in shaping relationships and ideas as well as offering a solution or alternative to society. In modern times, the vast power of multi-nationals and monopolies seems to exercise a total stranglehold on the world, holding access to economies of scale, staggering sums of money, ability to manipulate commodity prices and even the influence of government policies. Subsequently, as adults, they can't get well-paid jobs and therefore are unable to 'move up' the social ladder and improve their circumstances. Gender-blind/neutral approach: Radical Feminism admits that there are dissimilarities between men and women, and society should change to value those dissimilarities instead of devaluing the "feminine . After all, people who do not have property also choose to live in families (although Engels would argue this is because they are influenced by bourgeois ideology). This is a complete mischaracterization of Marxism. They see society as structured along class lines with institutions generally working in the interests of the small elite class who have economic power (the Bourgeoisie) and the much larger working class (the Proletariat). argues that there are benefits of the nuclear family, such as the, The nuclear family is a common family type found. Revision image. Weakness. This means that Engels believed that anyone could have sexual relations with anyone else in the tribal group, and multiple partners (Stern, 1948). It protects the rights of unions. Marxists have been criticized for overemphasizing how the family is shaped by the needs of capitalism. It is the best way of guaranteeing that you are passing on your property to your son, because in a monogamous relationship you have a clear idea of who your own children are. This means that every person would be able to get access to the most important things he needs regardless of whatever he does, wherever he lives or how much he makes to provide a better living for those depending on him. This weakness allowed antipsychiatry to degenerate into a However, Zaretsky believed that the family allowed the breadwinner man to feel in control and strong, which they did not feel at work due to the oppression of the bourgeoisie capitalist class. Feminist perspectives offer a revolutionary critical lens for studying families and for challenging traditional understandings of sex, gender, sexualities, conceptualizations of families . I have chosen to write about Marxism as it is the starting foundation for the class system we use today. Study notes, videos, interactive activities and more! The support may vanish after you are divorced. . Why? Its fundamental argument is that capitalist society is based on inequalities between the 'bourgeoisie' (ruling capitalist class) and 'proletariat' (working class). London: New Left. The nuclear family serves the interests of the capitalist system. For Marx (B. Brewster, Trans.). The weaknesses of functionalist theory is that it tends to lead to exaggerated accounts of positive consequences of sports and sports participation however it mistakenly assumes that there are no conflicts of interests between the different citizen groups in society such as women, people with disabilities, racial Creative. Open Document. Bourdieu claimed that the family reproduces social class inequalities in every generation through its children. They are exploited for unpaid domestic labour and for their ability to reproduce, which benefits men and capitalism respectively. Due to this, middle-class children are more likely to succeed academically and beyond. This could be for the whole family sick as a new car or parents giving their children high-status clothes or electronics. Strengths And Weaknesses Of Fascism. Instead of smaller families, there were large groups of hunters and gatherers working together to survive. Marxist View on the Family. One way in which this happens is that there is a hierarchy in most families which teaches children to accept there will always be someone in authority who they must obey, which then mirrors the hierarchy of boss-worker in paid employment in later life. A family is a stable unit and institution that keeps society stable. By arguing Parsons' 'function' of the family (particularly the wife) as an 'emotional safety-valve' to absorb the husbands frustrations is . The Marxist feminist position is further enhanced by Fran Ansley (1972) she grabs hold of Parsons' view of the family as functioning to stabilise adult personalities and turns into Marxist idea. The powerful social class, the bourgeoisie, exploits the weaker social class, the proletariat. As you can see, it would not allow anyone to be an individual, which is believed to lead to a dangerous society without anybody being motivated. If you are in doing business under Marxism, then basically, you would be working for the government, which means that are not going to work as an entrepreneur, freelancer or sole business owner because everything would run through the government. However, the emergence of capitalism, a system of private ownership, in the 18th century changed society and the family. Weakness. . How does the nuclear family serve the interests of the capitalist system? False needs can also include many of the products that people buy out of fear, or in order to make themselves safe, especially if that fear is engineered by the capitalist system in order to keep the population under control (Zaretsky, 2010). both parents support the children. 1. Conflict theory is a general term coving a number of sociological approaches, which appose functionalism, and which share the idea that the basic feature of all societies was the struggle between different groups for access to limited resources. For example, both Marxists and Feminists argue that the way in which roles are constructed in the family is not merely a matter of individual negotiation, but a reflection of how power is distributed in wider society. Marxists believe that although the nuclear family is upholds capitalism, divorce is also good for capitalism because the couple will have to spend a lot of money on divorcing. Feminist perspectives have based their analysis on Marxist views. But when that worker has to also take dependents into account (e.g. Marx began his academic writings with a critique of Hegel's theory of the Spirit and continued to . This means that Marxists see society as being structured along class lines. And why is the ownership of private property important? The word Fascist is taken from fascio, an Italian word which mean a tied bundle of sticks, fascio is used in . The monogamous nuclear family guaranteed that people could pass on their property to their own kin, as monogamy made clear whose children were whom (Stern, 1948). 3. Engels The Emergence of the Nuclear Family, A Level Sociology Families and Households Revision Bundle, AS Sociology Families and Households Revision Bundle, We start with an overview of the Marxist perspective in general, Engels theory of the emergence of the nuclear family. It also ignores the other benefits that all family members may get from family life: the emotional support, comfort and generally the positive benefits. Reliable. Functionalists claim that the Marxist perspective of the family is overly negative. For example, they dismiss the functionalist view that the law reflects value consensus, arguing instead that it perpetuates ruling class ideology. In Book 1, lines 504-524, what does Phoebus say to Daphne to try fto persuade her to stop running away from him? Why is the Marxist perspective of the family seen as overly deterministic? In a communist society, there would be no need for a private family unit as there would be no private property. It is important to note that Marxist education implements one that is absolutely state- controlled, which means that it regards too much importance to the role of the state in education, which means that the methodology of teaching, curriculum construction and examination system would be determined by the state and it does not allow other agencies in educationlocal or regionalto have their say. It states that even if people belong to families, they have individual interpretation of things. The source of man's immediate difficulty is, in this view, the division of labor. Families are urged to appear trendy or fashionable by buying the latest products and services so they can appear to have a high status to their relatives, neighbours and peers. Be perfectly prepared on time with an individual plan. Thus, the nuclear family served to benefit the bourgeois more than the proletariat. The perspective is overly deterministic and views individuals as too passive. It helps with capitalism. While cushioning the effects of capitalism, the family perpetuates the system and cannot compensate for the alienation between the rich and poor created by capitalist society. Look at the following phrases, are they strengths of Marx's argument or weaknesses of Marxism. According to Engels, the nuclear family structure arose during the emergence of capitalism. However, fundamentally, Zaretsky did not believe that the family is able to provide for the psychological and social needs of the individual. Marxist views on Family Marxists see the nuclear family as serving the ruling class (bourgeoisie) as it promotes capitalist values and discourages disagreement and criticism of inequality the way capitalism is organized. 1. For this reason, there is an inherent conflict of interest between the bourgeoisie and the proletariat. The vast majority of tribes in Africa and Asia are patriarchal, with women being barred from owning property, having no political power, and having to do most of the child care and hard physical labour. The New Right point out that this is the most functional type of environment in which to raise children, and the nuclear family is found in most societies around the world, suggesting it is something people choose. Bourdieu argued that this lack of economic capital prevents working-class children from accessing the same quality of education as middle-class children. It creates equality: Many injustices and inequalities happen because of the divide in social classes within a society. Marxists believe that the family has many roles which are beneficial to the capitalist society. The family is described as an ideological apparatus this means it socialises people to think in a way that justifies inequality and encourages people to accept the capitalist system as fair, natural and unchangeable. According to followers of the theory, capitalism created the system of what we know as the privatised, monogamous nuclear family. People can be nurtured, supported, and have their individual needs met by the family. of capitalism and its main function is to As the children of the rich grew into wealth, the children of the poor remained poor. Marx was a character influenced by the prominent writers of his time, most notable Fredrich Hegel. Marx on gender and the family: A critical study (Vol. ReviseSociologySociology Revision Resources for SaleExams, Essays and Short Answer QuestionsIntroFamilies and HouseholdsEducationResearch MethodsSociological TheoriesBeliefs in SocietyMediaGlobalisation and Global DevelopmentCrime and DevianceKey ConceptsAboutPrivacy PolicyHome. Assess the strengths and weaknesses of the functionalist view on society. As a result, children are conditioned to accept imbalances of power and control. The Marxist perspective of education in society can be very questionable because Marxist theorists such as; Louis Althusser, Bowles and Gintis, David Reynolds and Willis all seem . As a result, the theory can discourage immoral acts of abortion, which has . Fran Ansley argues that men unload their stress and anger towards the capitalist system on women, which leads to domestic violence. While you are given a place to live as part of a community and contribute to the common good, you will have no private property ownership, which means that you might not have much control over your residence and your contributions. Along with the creation of social class inequalities, Engels claimed that the nuclear family also created gender inequality as men took control of women's sexuality and labour to reproduce and raise the next generations.

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