elongation index test procedure

If the size of the aggregate is bigger, in that case, the total number of voids volume is less. . For fabrics with elongation 75% at maximum force, the gauge length is (2001)mm. The elongation index is found by separating the elongation particles and expressing their mess as a percentage of the mass of sample tested. From each of the range of size, the aggregates are then individually passed through the appropriate gauge of the length gauge with the longest side in order to separate the elongated particles. A quantity of aggregate shall be taken sufficient to provide the minimum number of 200 pieces of any fraction to be tested. COURTESY: AIMIL LTD, Fig 2: Diagram of Elongation Index Gauge Page | 4 APPARATUS 1. Arrange the sieves in a systematic manner (in order to smaller size opening sieve is on the bottom side and bigger size opening sieve is on the top side). Please briefly explain why you feel this user should be reported. If the index values are less than the limiting values specified by the standard, the sample marked qualified for the intended use. ( In such a manner that the selected aggregate which is collected from different sets or sizes of sieve should be passed through the same size of a gap on the elongation gauge. Join now! TEST DESCRIPTION The particles which are not passed or retained on the length gauge are weighed which is W2. Flakiness Index: It is a fractional value that represents the percentage by weight of flaky particles in an aggregate mix. Weighing Balance 2. These particles are a source of frailty for an aggregate mix and therefore, they must be identified and discarded. Then, we put the weight values w1 and w2 in the formula given below, to get the elongation index percentage. This test is not applicable for sizes smaller than 6.3mm. How to calculate cement sand and aggregate quantity in concrete? The elongation index is the total weight of the material retained on the various length gauges, The angularity of these particles proves advantageous for particle inter-locking, making their use the best choice for a granular base coarse construction, conferring stability to the pavement. However, as per the standards implications, a maximum percentage of 45% elongated particles in the mix is tolerable. 8.0 Conclusions The value that we get from this test is 15.1% for flakiness and not exceeds 20% the JKR requirement. Rounded aggregate particles have no edges. Aggregates for Concrete cedd gov hk. The elements added in the alloy of ASTM A36 Pipe include manganese, carbon, phosphorus, silicon, sulfur, and copper.Along with a heat analysis, the ASTM A36 Seamless Pipe is evaluated using the tension test.Several parameters including the products tensile and yield strength besides its elongation properties are checked.ASTM A27 includes carbon steel castings for applications requiring up to . Elongation due to expansion can also occur when a material undergoes . RELEVANT CODES: ASTM 4791-10: Standard Test Method for Flat Particles, Elongated Particles or Flat and Elongated Particles in Coarse Aggregate, American Society for Testing and Materials IS 2386 (Part I)-1963 Methods of Test for aggregates for Concrete; Particle size and shape; Bureau of Indian Standards PROCEDURE: 1. 2009-2021 The Constructor. Minimum 200 pieces of any fraction are taken and weighed properly. oer akiness elongation index test procedure for aggregate and numerous ebook collections from ctions to scientic research in any way. Elongation is a measure of the ductility of a material as determined by a tension test. Raft Foundation - Types, Uses, Functions, Advantages and Disadvantages, Flow Table Test - Procedure, Calculation, Apparatus and Advantages, Hydrophobic Cement - Uses, Properties, Manufacturing, Advantages and Disadvantages, Different Types of Steel in Construction - Properties & Characteristics, 10 Different Types of Forklift Trucks - Features, Uses and Safety Checklist. ASTM D5278 - 09 Standard Test Method for Elongation of Narrow Elastic Fabrics (Static-Load Testing) JLW Instruments 14 North Peoria St . All parts of equipment should be kept clean. Sorry, you do not have permission to ask a question, You must log in to ask a question. Log in to TheConstructor to ask questions, answer peoples questions, write articles & connect with other people. The dimensional ratio at which an aggregate particle is considered too flat or too elongated can vary from specification to specification. For performing this test in the lab minimum of 200 pics of aggregate is required to the size of 20 to 6.3mm aggregate of performing 20mm aggregate test. Now fill the aggregate in the mould along with the plunger on top. If the samples gradation curve lies between the limiting curves plotted against the specified values given in the table, the sample is well-graded. Depending on the size and shape of the material, the tensile tester machine can pull at a maximum speed of 20 inches per minute. This test is also applicable to aggregates having size larger than 6.3 mm. \text { Elongation Index }=\frac {\text { Total weight retained on gauge }} {\text { Total weight on sieves }} * 100 Elongation Index = Total weight on sieves Total weight retained on gauge 100 Desirable values document.getElementById( "ak_js_1" ).setAttribute( "value", ( new Date() ).getTime() ); Join over 40,000+ subscribers. Therefore, the standard has levied some restrictions on the maximum acceptable percentage of flaky particles in an aggregate mix. 3. The tensile test method covers the measurement of load elongation characteristics and includes procedures for the calculation of secant stiffness, maximum load per unit width and strain at maximum load. After the particles have been classified into the two groups, determine the 2. The EF1Alpha (eEF1A), a component of EF1 is GTP- dependent and its function is to accurately attach aminoacyl-tRNA to the ribosome. ContentsIntroduction:Related theory:Standards:Apparatus:Procedure:For materials softening below 80:For materials softening above 80:Observations:Comments:Precautions: Introduction: Bitumen is defined as a binding material, ContentsStandard FollowedObjectiveRelated TheoryAbrasion:Pounding Action:Los Angeles Abrasion Value (LAAV)Significance of LAAVApparatusTest ProcedureObservations and CalculationsStandard Recommendations:ResultsTest PrecautionsDiscussion Standard Followed ASTM, ContentsIntroduction:Related theory:Standard:Apparatus:Procedure:Observations:Calculations:Comments:Precautions: Introduction: The application of load on the aggregates such as pavements result into the disintegration of, Flakiness And Elongation Index Index Test, Significance of determination of flakiness and elongation index, How To Increase Your Profit By Becoming A Carrier, How to hire a qualified fence installer you can trust in San Antonio, Texas, Elevating Your Property With Awesome Landscaping Design, coarse aggregates and is intended to determine, The degree of packing or inter-locking of an, Flaky and elongated particles tend to lower the workability of, These particles are inherently friable when subjected to heavy loading. Which is the code used for the design of the RCC Bridge? This particles shape of the aggregate mass is determined by the percentage of the flaky and elongated particles in it.Indian standard explain only the method of calculating Flakiness Index and Elongation Index.But the specifications do not specify the limits. Then the elongation index is calculated as the total weight of material retained on various length gauges, expressed as a percentage of the total weight of sample gauged. Please enter your email address. Weigh the elongated material passing through the specified gauge from each fraction E1+E2+E3+E4+E5+.= E. CALCULATIONS Elongation Index, (%) = (E / F) x 100. The sample will be taken by sieving the total sample of aggregate and 200 samples will be taken from . Percent Elongation = 100 x ( (Final Length - Original Length) x Original Length) Percent elongation is incredibly useful to determine the ductility of a material. 2 Rate of extension or elongation If the aggregate is using having more water absorption capacity than the 5-10% then it will reduce the strength and. Gauge should be cleaned thoroughly and dried before testing. Elongation Index = (Xg / Wg) x 100% You must log in or register to reply here. Awarded as the best online publication by CIDC. Test procedure In addition, the percentage of flaky or elongated particles in an aggregate sample can be determined and discarded. 2. Test sieve size 63mm, 50mm, 37.5mm, 28mm, 20mm, 14mm, 10mm, 6.3mm 3. Instead, they have smoothly curved sides. percent of the weight of the test sample. The elongation index is the total weight of the material retained on the various . Special care must be taken that no outer air enters when using the balance. Metal thickness gauge 2. The support may be either roller or hinged. 7 LAB TESTS ON The (three) 3-point bend test is conducted on flexural members of the structure such as the beam. Elongation Index: It represents the weight of elongated particles as a percentage of the total samples weight. [For example, the mean sieve size for an aggregate piece passing through 50 mm and retained on 40 mm sieve is (50+40)/2 i.e. If the aggregate is well graded, then the voids are minimum. Now we have specified size range for every particle. 4. 8. First, fill the sample aggregate with one-third of the cylindrical measure in three layers. Determination of the flakiness and elongation index of an aggregate sample is important for the following reasons: The flakiness and elongation index test cannot be performed on aggregates having a size smaller than 6.3mm or 1/4 in. DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd, 60% found this document useful, Mark this document as useful, 40% found this document not useful, Mark this document as not useful, retained on the spe!i$ed set of siees is noted" Ea!h pie!e of these are, tried to be passed thro#gh spe!i$ed length of the ga#ge length %ith its, longest side and those elongated pie!es %hi!h do not pass the ga#ge are, separated and then the elongated index is the total %eight of the material, retained on the ario#s length ga#ges, expressed as a per!entage of the, )etal Ga#ge* The metal ga#ge shall be of the pattern sho%n in +ig"', Siees* IS Siees of sies -. This is because they offer less inter-particle friction and enhance the workability of the concrete mix. Superpave mix design specifies a ratio of 5:1 and tests particles for flatness and elongation. The portion of elongated aggregate which have length greater than the specified gauge from each range is weighed by weighing balance. 4. Safety shoes must be used along with masks and aprons at the time of test. Flow table test apparatus PROCEDURE: 1. 2.6 Tensile index, the tensile strength in N/m divided by grammage. Testing can be done is the same machined used to test the concrete cube strength. Reaffirmed Dec 2016 This is because doing this may break very weak particles and give misleading results. Determine the individual flakiness index of each huddle by dividing the weight of flaky particles in each group to the total weight of aggregates in the corresponding group. If particle retained on 10mm and passed through 16mm size is taken, then it should pass through 23.4mm length gauge which is 1.8 times the mean of 10mm and 16mm. Elongation Index= [W 2 / W 1] x 100 Where W 2 = Weight of aggregates passing through 1.8 x d mean size W 1 = Total weight of aggregates Res/sir, 3. Mathematically. The sample of aggregates to be tested is sieved through a set of sieves and separated into specified size ranges. Doing this may distort or break the particles, giving inaccurate results. To determine the Flakiness Index of the given sample of course aggregate. Elongation index is more than 15% then the aggregate is undesirable for any construction work. Formula for elongation index of aggregate: Where, Y = The weight of materials retained on specified length gauges and W = The weight of aggregate passing and retained on the specified sieves. retained by the length gauge shall be weighed to an accuracy of at least 0.1 percent of the weight of the test sample. 4. procedure. It is to be kept in mind that the particles that pass through a particular slot of thickness gauge are the flaky ones and are a source of weakness for the sample. 1. And for mixed aggregate(having flaking and elongated aggregate) then its permissible limit is 30%. Why Concrete Cover is provided for reinforcement? This is why we give the ebook compilations in this website. Apparatus required for elongation index determination tests are: 1. Purpose of the elongation index is to check the shape and size of the aggregate and whether it is suitable for work or not. For calculating the elongation index of given sample of aggregates first the weight of each fraction of aggregate passing through and retaining on the specific set of sieves is noted down. SAMPLE - A quantity of aggregate shall be taken sufficient to provide the minimum number of 200 pieces of any fraction to be tested. After shaking, aggregate should be distributed on different sizes of sieves (in systematic arranges order) and weigh all the sieves one by one on which aggregate is retained. No views Oct 22, 2022 This video demonstrates a flakiness and elongation index test procedure to determine the flakiness and elongation indices of the given aggregat .more .more. Space Frame Structure: Components, Types, and Advantages, Considerations for Engineer when Designing a New Structure. Flakiness Elongation Index Test Procedure For Aggregate Author: admission.sust.edu-2022-08-22-02-18-31 Subject: Flakiness Elongation Index Test Procedure For Aggregate Keywords: flakiness,elongation,index,test,procedure,for,aggregate Created Date: 8/22/2022 2:18:31 AM As the latter is applied, an increase in length and a uniform reduction in cross-sectional area take place, while the material maintains a constant volume. Quantitatively, a maximum limit of 30% flaky particles is imposed by the standard and is regarded as acceptable. Test procedure. 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Brick is the most widely used construction material for walls. This test does not apply to sizes smaller than 6.3mm.The Elongation index of an aggregate is the percentage by weight of particles whose greatest dimension (length) is greater than nine-fifths (1.8times) their mean dimension. DEFINITION The Flakiness Index of aggregates is the percentage by weight of particles whose least dimension (thickness) is less than 0.6 times . test instrument), and indicates the durability of paper when subjected to either a repetitive or dynamic stressing or . These particles are preferred for the construction of rigid pavements. Hence workability will be more. Page | 4 APPARATUS 1. For each group, take individual aggregate particles and pass them through the thickness gauge. It is mentioned in the test procedure (BIS/MoRTH) that while doing combined flakiness and elongation test, the flaky aggregates should be separated initially from the test sample, and the rest is . This test is not applicable for the aggregate size of less than 6.3 mm. Elongation value is 0% because the aggregate is rounded so no any retain value. ASTM 4791-10: Standard Test Method for Flat Particles, Elongated Particles or Flat Elongated Particles in Coarse Aggregates, American Society for Testing and Materials. Country Expertcivil is the world's leading learning platform for civil & architectural engineers. Apparatus Needed. #flakinessindex#elongationindexlearn calculation of combined flakiness index and elongation index value also visit our website www.civilblogon.blogspot.comFL. Arrange the sieves in a systematic manner (in order to smaller size opening sieve is on the bottom side and bigger size opening sieve is on the top side). AGGREGATE ELONGATION INDEX VALUE IS 2386 Part 1 1963. It is mathematically calculated as the ratio of the weight of flaky particles to the total sample weight. seperating the elongation particles and expressing their mass as a percentage of the mass of sample tested.From the experimen, the mean elongation index is 26.0 (sieve 28mm) and elongation index is 22.4%.So we get 1.16 < 1.8.We can classify the sample as not an elongation sample. FLAKINESS AND ELONGATION INDEX TEST STANDARD: IS: 2386 (Part 1) -1996 (RA 2011) This standard covers the method of test lays down the procedure for determining the flakiness index of coarse aggregate. ELONGATION INDEX Take minimum of 200 pieces from each fraction and weigh (F). The sample gradation curve can also be plotted using the sieve analysis data and the conformance of the samples gradation with the limiting gradation curves provided by the standard can also be assessed. Take the aggregate sample which contains minimum 200 pieces of any fraction. Cumulate the individual elongation indices of the groups to find the elongation index of the aggregate sample. All Rights Reserved. Join TheConstructor to ask questions, answer questions, write articles, and connect with other people. Test each of the particles in each size fraction and place them into one of two groups: (1) Particles with longest to thinnest ratios over 5:1 and (2) Particles with longest to thinnest ratios less than 5:1 6. The Elongated index is calculated by expressing the weight of Elongated particles as percentage of total weight of the sample. Given sample of aggregates to be tested is sieved through a set of sieves and separated into specified ranges of size. The aggregates crushing value test should be performed as per IS code 2386 Part IV. As the pulling progresses, the specimen bar elongates at a uniform rate that is proportionate to the rate at which the load or pulling force increases. Each fraction is gauged in turn for thickness on the metal gauge. For road construction especially in surface course the elongated shape of aggregates is not desirable. For cement concrete structure, if used aggregate elongation index percent is more than its permissible limit then it is undesirable for any type of construction work. Procedure of Shape Tests on Coarse Aggregates Sieve the sample through the IS sieves (as specified in the table). Each of these pieces is then tried to pass through specified gauge length with its longest side and these elongated particles which do not pass through the specified gauge are separated. Comparing the stelar cells in the elongation and mature zones, hypoxia had no significant effect on Ca 2+ in the elongation zone of any genotype, but resulted in marked increases in Ca 2+ for stelar cells in the mature zone of aca11, with a 10.8-fold rise of Ca 2+ compared with the control and a 5.6-fold increase in cax11, while the increase . Weigh the fraction of aggregates in each group that passes through the thickness gauge. Observation Table Where W2= Weight of aggregates passing through 1.8 x dmean size British Standard BS 882 of 1992 limits the flakiness index of the coarse aggregate to 50 for natural gravel and to 40 for crushed corase . 1.1 This test method describes the procedure, us ing constant-rate-of-elongation equipment, for determining . SCOPE - This method of test lays down the procedures for determining the elongation index of coarse aggregate. Note: Test can be conducted for each range of elongation gauge slot. Procedures. A quantity of aggregate shall be taken sufficient to provide the minimum number of 200 pieces of any fraction to be tested. Let us see the bending action of the beam shown in the figure . (this concept is applicable when the elongation index is more than 15%). The tensile testing would often take five minutes or less for the material to fracture. Observations and Calculations Weight of Aggregate Sample = Aggregate Sample. A minimum of 200 pieces of any fraction are taken to be tested, and weighed properly by weighing balance. What must be the maximum dry density of Granular Sub Base & Wet Mix Macadam used What is the Safe Bearing Capacity values for Different Soils? Therefore, these are not desirable when preparing, Flakiness index gauge also called thickness gauge, Elongation index gauge also called length gauge. Table: 1 The other component of eEF1 is the eEF1Balpha, a guanine nucleotide exchange factor . It will agreed ease . Elongation is a measure of deformation that occurs before a material eventually breaks when subjected to a tensile load. W1= Total weight of aggregates. Please briefly explain why you feel this answer should be reported. Country The test is not applicable to material passing 6.30 mm sieve or retained on 50 mm sieve. IS 2386 (Part I)-1963 Methods of Test for aggregates for Concrete; Particle size and shape; Bureau of Indian Standards PROCEDURE: 1. Now calculate the elongation index which is the ratio of weight of particle retained on length gauge to the total weight of the sample gauged and it is expressed in percentage. CALCULATIONS Procedure 1. 5. (Gap size is mentioned on elongation index apparatus).

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